/* ==========================================================================
   SRIJAN: Global Review of Arts, Science & Humanities: Core Design System & CSS
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
    /* Color Palette */
    --primary-navy: #0B2545;
    /* Deep Institutional Blue */
    --secondary-slate: #134074;
    /* Medium Academic Slate */
    --accent-blue: #1D84B5;
    /* Interactive Link Blue */
    --accent-gold: #C5A059;
    /* Scholarly Gold Accent */
    --accent-gold-hover: #D4AF37;

    /* Neutral Palette */
    --bg-white: #FFFFFF;
    --bg-light: #F8F9FA;
    --bg-subtle-gray: #EEF2F6;
    --border-color: #E2E8F0;

    /* Text Colors */
    --text-primary: #1A2530;
    /* Dark charcoal for high contrast */
    --text-secondary: #4A5568;
    /* Slate gray for body prose */
    --text-muted: #718096;
    --text-on-dark: #FFFFFF;

    /* Typography */
    --font-heading: 'Lora', Georgia, serif;
    --font-body: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;

    /* Layout & Spacing */
    --max-width: 1240px;
    --container-padding: 2rem;
    --radius-sm: 4px;
    --radius-md: 8px;
    --radius-lg: 12px;

    /* Shadows */
    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 3px rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.08);
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 12px rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.06);
    --shadow-lg: 0 12px 28px rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.08);
    --shadow-gold: 0 4px 20px rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.15);

    /* Transitions */
    --transition-fast: 0.15s ease-in-out;
    --transition-normal: 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

/* High Contrast Accessibility Theme */
body.high-contrast {
    --primary-navy: #000000;
    --secondary-slate: #111111;
    --accent-blue: #0055ff;
    --accent-gold: #ffcc00;
    --accent-gold-hover: #ffee33;
    --bg-white: #000000;
    --bg-light: #121212;
    --bg-subtle-gray: #1f1f1f;
    --border-color: #ffffff;
    --text-primary: #ffffff;
    --text-secondary: #dddddd;
    --text-muted: #aaaaaa;
    --text-on-dark: #ffffff;
    --shadow-sm: 0 0 0 1px #ffffff;
    --shadow-md: 0 0 0 2px #ffffff;
    --shadow-lg: 0 0 0 2px #ffffff;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   RESET & BASE STYLES
   ========================================================================== */
*,
*::before,
*::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

html {
    font-size: 16px;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100vw;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    color: var(--text-primary);
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    line-height: 1.65;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100vw;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-normal), color var(--transition-normal);
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    line-height: 1.25;
    font-weight: 600;
}

body.high-contrast h1,
body.high-contrast h2,
body.high-contrast h3,
body.high-contrast h4,
body.high-contrast h5,
body.high-contrast h6 {
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

a {
    color: var(--accent-blue);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-navy);
}

ul,
ol {
    list-style: none;
}

button,
input,
select,
textarea {
    font-family: inherit;
    font-size: inherit;
}

.sr-only {
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    padding: 0;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
    white-space: nowrap;
    border: 0;
}

.container {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--container-padding);
}

/* Screen Reader / Utility */
.text-center {
    text-align: center;
}

.mt-8 {
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.mt-12 {
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

.bg-light {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
}

/* Lucide Icon Base Sizing */
.lucide {
    width: 1.15em;
    height: 1.15em;
    vertical-align: -0.2em;
    display: inline-block;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   BUTTONS & ACCENTS
   ========================================================================== */
.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.65rem 1.4rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all var(--transition-normal);
    border: 1px solid transparent;
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    border-color: var(--primary-navy);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: var(--secondary-slate);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.btn-outline {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    border-color: var(--border-color);
}

body.high-contrast .btn-outline {
    border-color: var(--border-color);
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    border-color: var(--primary-navy);
}

.btn-ghost {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--secondary-slate);
}

.btn-ghost:hover {
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    color: var(--primary-navy);
}

.btn-ghost-dark {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.btn-ghost-dark:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}


.btn-lg {
    padding: 0.85rem 1.75rem;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.btn-sm {
    padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.btn-full {
    width: 100%;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   TOP ACCESSIBILITY BAR
   ========================================================================== */
.top-bar {
    background-color: #061528;
    /* Deeper ultra-dark academic blue */
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.top-bar-content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.top-bar-left {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.institutional-badge,
.issn-tag {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
}

.issn-tag {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.top-bar-right {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.accessibility-controls {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
}

.ctrl-label {
    margin-right: 0.35rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
}

.font-btn,
.contrast-btn {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    padding: 0.2rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.font-btn:hover,
.contrast-btn:hover,
.font-btn.active {
    background: var(--accent-gold);
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   JOURNAL BANNER SECTION
   ========================================================================== */
.journal-banner {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 1.75rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

body.high-contrast .journal-banner {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #333;
}

.banner-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.banner-brand {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.banner-logo {
    height: 70px;
    width: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
}

.banner-titles {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.banner-title-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.banner-title {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 2.35rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.1;
}

.banner-subtitle {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--secondary-slate);
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

body.high-contrast .banner-title,
body.high-contrast .banner-subtitle {
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.banner-tagline {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.banner-actions {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.banner-search {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 50px;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.25rem 0.25rem 1.25rem;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.banner-search:focus-within {
    border-color: var(--primary-navy);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.12);
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
}

body.high-contrast .banner-search:focus-within {
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.search-icon-left {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
}

.banner-search input {
    border: none;
    background: transparent;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    width: 220px;
    outline: none;
    padding: 0.35rem 0;
}

.banner-search input::placeholder {
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.btn-search-submit {
    background-color: var(--secondary-slate);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    border: none;
    padding: 0.45rem 1.15rem;
    border-radius: 50px;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-fast);
}

.btn-search-submit:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
}

.submit-btn-banner {
    border-radius: 50px;
    padding: 0.65rem 1.5rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   STICKY MAIN NAVIGATION BAR
   ========================================================================== */
.main-header {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 100;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transition: box-shadow var(--transition-normal);
}

body.high-contrast .main-header {
    background-color: #111;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-gold);
}

.nav-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.main-nav {
    width: 100%;
}

.nav-list {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

.nav-link {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.96rem;
    padding: 1rem 1.35rem;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    white-space: nowrap;
    /* PREVENTS ANY UNWANTED WRAPPING */
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
    border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
}

.nav-link:hover,
.nav-link.active {
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

body.high-contrast .nav-link:hover,
body.high-contrast .nav-link.active {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.nav-chevron {
    width: 1rem;
    height: 1rem;
    opacity: 0.8;
    transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.dropdown {
    position: relative;
}

.dropdown:hover .nav-chevron,
.dropdown:focus-within .nav-chevron {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.dropdown-menu {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    min-width: 260px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm);
    padding: 0.65rem 0;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(8px);
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
    z-index: 110;
}

body.high-contrast .dropdown-menu {
    background-color: #1a1a1a;
    border-color: var(--border-color);
}

.dropdown:hover .dropdown-menu,
.dropdown:focus-within .dropdown-menu {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.dropdown-menu li a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

body.high-contrast .dropdown-menu li a {
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.dropdown-menu li a:hover {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    padding-left: 1.8rem;
}

body.high-contrast .dropdown-menu li a:hover {
    background-color: #333;
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: none;
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 1rem 0;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   1. HERO SECTION
   ========================================================================== */
.hero-section {
    position: relative;
    padding: 5rem 0 6rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    overflow: hidden;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.hero-bg-accent {
    position: absolute;
    top: -200px;
    right: -200px;
    width: 700px;
    height: 700px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.08) 0%, rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.02) 70%, transparent 100%);
    z-index: 1;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-container {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.journal-status-badges {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.badge {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 50px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.status-issn {
    background-color: rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.15);
    color: #927233;
    border: 1px solid rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.4);
}

body.high-contrast .status-issn {
    color: #ffd700;
}

.status-oa {
    background-color: rgba(29, 132, 181, 0.12);
    color: #1A658A;
    border: 1px solid rgba(29, 132, 181, 0.3);
}

body.high-contrast .status-oa {
    color: #88ccff;
}

.status-pr {
    background-color: rgba(19, 64, 116, 0.1);
    color: var(--secondary-slate);
    border: 1px solid rgba(19, 64, 116, 0.25);
}

body.high-contrast .status-pr {
    color: #ffffff;
}

.status-freq {
    background-color: rgba(74, 85, 104, 0.1);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    border: 1px solid rgba(74, 85, 104, 0.2);
}

body.high-contrast .status-freq {
    color: #dddddd;
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: 2.85rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    line-height: 1.18;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    max-width: 650px;
}

.hero-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
}

.hero-metrics {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding-top: 2rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.metric-card {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.metric-num {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    line-height: 1.1;
}

body.high-contrast .metric-num {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.metric-label {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

/* Hero Cover Showcase */
.cover-showcase {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.cover-card {
    background: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 1.25rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    max-width: 380px;
    width: 100%;
    transition: transform var(--transition-normal);
}

.cover-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
}

.cover-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.cover-card img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.cover-footer {
    margin-top: 0.85rem;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    background: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    padding: 0.4rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}

body.high-contrast .cover-footer {
    color: var(--text-primary);
    background: #222;
}

.showcase-badge {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -15px;
    right: -10px;
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: 50px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-gold);
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-gold);
}

body.high-contrast .showcase-badge {
    background-color: #000;
    color: #ffd700;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION BASE STYLES
   ========================================================================== */
.section {
    padding: 5.5rem 0;
}

.section-category {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.15em;
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 2.35rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.title-separator {
    width: 60px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: var(--accent-gold);
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.section-description {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    max-width: 680px;
    margin: 0 auto 3rem;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. ABOUT THE JOURNAL
   ========================================================================== */
.about-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr;
    gap: 3.5rem;
    align-items: start;
}

.about-lead {
    font-size: 1.55rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
}

.about-text-column p {
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.about-highlights {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    background: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 1.75rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.highlight-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.highlight-item .lucide {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    margin-top: 0.15rem;
}

.about-metadata-box {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.box-title-bar {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    padding: 1.15rem 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.box-title-bar h4 {
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-family: var(--font-body);
}

.metadata-list {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.metadata-list li {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.metadata-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.meta-label {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.meta-val {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    text-align: right;
}

body.high-contrast .meta-val {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.box-action {
    padding: 0 1.5rem 1.5rem;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   3. AIM & SCOPE
   ========================================================================== */
.scope-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
}

.scope-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: all var(--transition-normal);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.scope-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-color: var(--primary-navy);
}

body.high-contrast .scope-card:hover {
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.card-icon {
    width: 48px;
    height: 48px;
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-normal), color var(--transition-normal);
}

body.high-contrast .card-icon {
    background-color: #222;
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.scope-card:hover .card-icon {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.scope-name {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.scope-desc {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.scope-cta-box {
    background-color: var(--secondary-slate);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: 2.5rem 3rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 2rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.scope-cta-content h4 {
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    font-size: 1.45rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.scope-cta-content p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    margin: 0;
}

.scope-cta-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.scope-cta-buttons .btn-outline {
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.scope-cta-buttons .btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border-color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   4. CURRENT ISSUE
   ========================================================================== */
.issue-header-card {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: 2.5rem 3rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.issue-badge {
    background-color: var(--accent-gold);
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    padding: 0.35rem 0.85rem;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    border-radius: 4px;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
}

.issue-title {
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    font-size: 2.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.issue-meta {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.issue-banner-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.issue-banner-actions .btn-outline {
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.issue-banner-actions .btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border-color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.articles-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.75rem;
}

.article-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: 2rem 2.5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: box-shadow var(--transition-normal);
}

.article-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.article-type {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
}

.article-title {
    font-size: 1.55rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.article-authors {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.article-affiliations {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.article-identifiers {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 0.85rem 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.doi-link a {
    font-weight: 600;
    word-break: break-all;
}

.page-range {
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-abstract-accordion {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.abstract-toggle {
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    border: none;
    padding: 0.85rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-fast);
}

body.high-contrast .abstract-toggle {
    background-color: #222;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.abstract-toggle:hover {
    background-color: var(--border-color);
}

.abstract-toggle .lucide {
    transition: transform var(--transition-normal);
}

.abstract-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .lucide {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.abstract-content {
    max-height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: max-height var(--transition-normal), padding var(--transition-normal);
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--primary-navy);
    border-right: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-bottom-left-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    border-bottom-right-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    padding: 0 1.25rem;
}

body.high-contrast .abstract-content {
    border-left-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.abstract-content p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.abstract-content p:first-child {
    margin-top: 1.25rem;
}

.abstract-content p.keywords {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

body.high-contrast .abstract-content p.keywords {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.article-actions {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   5. & 6. EDITORIAL BOARD
   ========================================================================== */
.editorial-category-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary-navy);
    padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

body.high-contrast .editorial-category-title {
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.editorial-category-title .lucide {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
}

.editorial-category-title h3 {
    font-size: 1.65rem;
    margin: 0;
}

.intl-title {
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.category-subtitle {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

.editorial-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
}

.faculty-card {
    background: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
    transition: transform var(--transition-normal), box-shadow var(--transition-normal);
}

.faculty-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.executive-card {
    border-color: var(--primary-navy);
}

body.high-contrast .executive-card {
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.faculty-badge-top {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    padding: 0.5rem 1.25rem;
}

.sub-editor {
    background-color: var(--secondary-slate);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.intl-badge {
    background-color: #1a365d;
    color: #ffd700;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
}

.faculty-details {
    padding: 1.75rem 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.faculty-name {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}

.faculty-designation {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.faculty-dept {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.faculty-inst {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--secondary-slate);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

body.high-contrast .faculty-inst {
    color: #88ccff;
}

.faculty-country {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.faculty-contact {
    margin-top: auto;
    padding-top: 1rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.85rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.inst-email {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    word-break: break-all;
}

body.high-contrast .inst-email {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.faculty-card-footer {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.orcid-tag {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    color: #A6CE39;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.editorial-recruitment-box {
    margin-top: 4rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-navy) 0%, var(--secondary-slate) 100%);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    padding: 3rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 2rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.recruitment-content h4 {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-size: 1.55rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.recruitment-content p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    margin: 0;
    max-width: 700px;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   ARCHIVES SECTION
   ========================================================================== */
.archive-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.archive-box {
    background: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: 2.5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.active-archive {
    border-top: 4px solid var(--primary-navy);
}

body.high-contrast .active-archive {
    border-top-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.upcoming-archive {
    border-top: 4px solid var(--text-muted);
}

.archive-year {
    position: absolute;
    top: -15px;
    right: 15px;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    z-index: 1;
    user-select: none;
}

body.high-contrast .archive-year {
    color: #1a1a1a;
}

.archive-vol {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    font-size: 1.65rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.archive-issues {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.issue-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

body.high-contrast .issue-link {
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.issue-link:not(.disabled):hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    border-color: var(--primary-navy);
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

.issue-link.disabled {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    cursor: default;
    background-color: transparent;
    border: 1px dashed var(--border-color);
}

.status-badge-sm {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.65rem;
    border-radius: 50px;
}

.status-badge-sm.live {
    background-color: #c6f6d5;
    color: #22543d;
}

.status-badge-sm.upcoming {
    background-color: #eebf3733;
    color: #927233;
}

.status-badge-sm.planned {
    background-color: #edf2f7;
    color: #718096;
}

.archiving-notice {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.archiving-notice .lucide {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   AUTHOR GUIDELINES
   ========================================================================== */
.guidelines-wrapper {
    background: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.guide-tabs {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.tab-btn {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    padding: 1.25rem;
    border: none;
    background: transparent;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
    border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
}

body.high-contrast .guide-tabs {
    background-color: #121212;
}

.tab-btn:hover {
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
}

.tab-btn.active {
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

body.high-contrast .tab-btn.active {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.tab-content {
    display: none;
    padding: 3rem;
}

.tab-content.active {
    display: block;
}

.guide-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.guide-card p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.checklist {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.25rem;
}

.checklist li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.85rem;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.checklist li .lucide {
    color: #38a169;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.format-spec-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2.5rem;
}

.spec-item {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--secondary-slate);
    padding: 1.75rem;
    border-radius: 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
}

body.high-contrast .spec-item {
    border-left-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.spec-item h4 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.spec-item p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin: 0;
}

.apc-card {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.apc-icon {
    width: 72px;
    height: 72px;
    background-color: rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.15);
    color: #927233;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
}

body.high-contrast .apc-icon {
    background-color: #222;
    color: #ffd700;
}

.apc-lead {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
}

body.high-contrast .apc-lead {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   PEER REVIEW POLICY
   ========================================================================== */
.review-workflow {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.workflow-step {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 200px;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.workflow-step:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.workflow-step.highlight-step {
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-navy);
    background-color: #f7fafc;
}

body.high-contrast .workflow-step.highlight-step {
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
    background-color: #1a1a1a;
}

.step-icon {
    width: 56px;
    height: 56px;
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    margin: 0 auto 1rem;
}

body.high-contrast .step-icon {
    background-color: #222;
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.step-num {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}

.workflow-step h4 {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.workflow-step p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.workflow-arrow {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.review-guarantee {
    background: var(--bg-white);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-gold);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    padding: 2rem 2.5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.75rem;
}

.guarantee-icon {
    width: 64px;
    height: 64px;
    background-color: rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.15);
    color: #927233;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

body.high-contrast .guarantee-icon {
    background-color: #222;
    color: #ffd700;
}

.guarantee-text h4 {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.guarantee-text p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   7. PUBLICATION ETHICS
   ========================================================================== */
.ethics-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 2.5rem;
}

.ethics-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: 2.5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.ethics-icon {
    width: 56px;
    height: 56px;
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

body.high-contrast .ethics-icon {
    background-color: #222;
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.ethics-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.45rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
}

.ethics-card p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin: 0;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   8. INDEXING & ACCREDITATION
   ========================================================================== */
.indexing-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
}

.indexing-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding: 2.25rem 1.75rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.indexing-head {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.index-logo-icon {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
}

body.high-contrast .index-logo-icon {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.indexing-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    white-space: nowrap;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 50px;
}

.indexing-badge.planned {
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.indexing-badge.in-progress {
    background-color: #eebf3733;
    color: #927233;
}

.indexing-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.indexing-card p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.issn-accreditation-banner {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.95) 0%, rgba(19, 64, 116, 0.95) 100%), url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1541339907198-e08756dedf3f?auto=format&fit=crop&w=1200&q=80');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-blend-mode: overlay;
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    padding: 3rem 4rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.issn-accreditation-banner h3 {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-size: 1.85rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.issn-accreditation-banner p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    margin: 0;
    max-width: 800px;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   CONTACT US SECTION
   ========================================================================== */
.contact-wrapper {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.3fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: start;
}

.contact-info-column {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.75rem;
}

.contact-card {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-sizing: border-box;
    width: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.contact-card>div:not(.c-icon) {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    word-break: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

.contact-card .c-icon {
    width: 48px;
    height: 48px;
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

body.high-contrast .contact-card .c-icon {
    background-color: #222;
    color: #ffd700;
}

.contact-card h4 {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}

.contact-card p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin: 0;
}

.form-container {
    background: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: 3rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.form-container h3 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-gold);
    padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.form-group {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    width: 100%;
}

.form-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

label {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

body.high-contrast label {
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

input[type="text"],
input[type="email"],
input[type="url"],
select,
textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    color: var(--text-primary);
    font-size: 1rem;
    outline: none;
    transition: border-color var(--transition-fast), box-shadow var(--transition-fast);
}

input:focus,
select:focus,
textarea:focus {
    border-color: var(--primary-navy);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.15);
}

body.high-contrast input:focus,
body.high-contrast select:focus,
body.high-contrast textarea:focus {
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(255, 204, 0, 0.4);
}

.file-upload-box {
    border: 2px dashed var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
    text-align: center;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.file-upload-box:hover {
    border-color: var(--primary-navy);
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
}

body.high-contrast .file-upload-box:hover {
    border-color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.upload-label {
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin: 0;
}

.upload-icon {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
}

body.high-contrast .upload-icon {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.upload-title {
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
}

body.high-contrast .upload-title {
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.upload-size {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.file-name-display {
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2b6cb0;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.form-check {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.form-check input[type="checkbox"] {
    margin-top: 0.3rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
}

.form-check label {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   9. FOOTER
   ========================================================================== */
.main-footer {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    border-top: 4px solid var(--accent-gold);
}

.footer-top {
    padding: 5rem 0;
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1.5fr;
    gap: 3.5rem;
}

.footer-logo {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.footer-journal-logo {
    height: 48px;
    width: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
}

.footer-logo h2 {
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    font-size: 2rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-desc {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.oa-badge-footer {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.footer-col h3 {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-family: var(--font-body);
}

.nav-col ul {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.85rem;
}

.nav-col a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    transition: color var(--transition-fast), transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.nav-col a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    transform: translateX(3px);
}

.contact-col p {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.contact-col .lucide {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    flex-shrink: 0;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
}

.footer-bottom {
    background-color: #061528;
    padding: 1.75rem 0;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.footer-bottom-content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.license-link {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.footer-legal-links {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.footer-legal-links a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}

.footer-legal-links a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   MODALS & OVERLAYS
   ========================================================================== */
.modal {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100vh;
    z-index: 1000;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.modal[hidden] {
    display: none;
}

.modal-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-color: rgba(11, 37, 69, 0.85);
    backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
}

.modal-container {
    position: relative;
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 800px;
    max-height: 90vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
    z-index: 1001;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.modal-header {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.modal-header h3 {
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.45rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.modal-close {
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0.4rem;
    transition: color var(--transition-fast), transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.modal-close:hover {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    transform: rotate(90deg);
}

.modal-body {
    padding: 2.5rem;
}

.modal-desc {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.submission-notice {
    background-color: var(--bg-subtle-gray);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-gold);
    padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    font-weight: 500;
}

body.high-contrast .submission-notice {
    background-color: #222;
    color: #fff;
}

.submission-notice .lucide {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.modal-footer-actions {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--bg-subtle-gray);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   TOAST NOTIFICATION
   ========================================================================== */
#toast-container {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 2rem;
    right: 2rem;
    z-index: 9999;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.toast {
    background-color: var(--primary-navy);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-gold);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    min-width: 320px;
    max-width: 450px;
    pointer-events: auto;
    animation: toastSlideIn 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1) forwards;
}

body.high-contrast .toast {
    background-color: #222;
    border-color: #ffd700;
    color: #fff;
}

.toast.success {
    border-left-color: #48bb78;
}

.toast.info {
    border-left-color: #4299e1;
}

.toast.warning {
    border-left-color: #ecc94b;
}

@keyframes toastSlideIn {
    from {
        transform: translateY(100px);
        opacity: 0;
    }

    to {
        transform: translateY(0);
        opacity: 1;
    }
}

@keyframes toastFadeOut {
    from {
        transform: translateY(0);
        opacity: 1;
    }

    to {
        transform: translateY(20px);
        opacity: 0;
    }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   RESPONSIVE DESIGN / MEDIA QUERIES
   ========================================================================== */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {

    .hero-container,
    .about-grid,
    .contact-wrapper,
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 3rem;
    }

    .scope-grid,
    .indexing-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .editorial-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    :root {
        --container-padding: 1.25rem;
    }

    html {
        font-size: 15px;
    }

    .header-container {
        position: relative;
    }

    .top-bar-content {
        justify-content: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .top-bar-left {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .banner-container {
        justify-content: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .banner-actions {
        justify-content: center;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .banner-search {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 400px;
    }

    .banner-search input {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .mobile-menu-toggle {
        display: block;
    }

    .nav-list {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        background-color: var(--primary-navy);
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
        border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }

    .nav-list.active {
        display: flex;
    }

    .nav-list li {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .nav-link {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
        border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
        border: none;
    }

    .nav-link:hover,
    .nav-link.active {
        background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
        color: var(--accent-gold);
    }

    .dropdown-menu {
        position: static;
        box-shadow: none;
        border: none;
        padding-left: 1rem;
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
        display: none;
    }

    .dropdown.active .dropdown-menu {
        display: block;
    }

    .hero-metrics {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .guide-tabs {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .format-spec-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .form-row {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .archive-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .contact-wrapper {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2.5rem;
    }

    .review-workflow {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .workflow-arrow {
        transform: rotate(90deg);
        margin: 1rem 0;
    }

    .issn-accreditation-banner {
        padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
    }

    .review-guarantee {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 1.5rem;
        gap: 1rem;
    }

    .editorial-recruitment-box {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
    }

    .footer-bottom-content {
        justify-content: center;
        text-align: center;
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {

    .scope-grid,
    .indexing-grid,
    .editorial-grid,
    .ethics-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .hero-metrics {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.25rem;
    }

    .issue-header-card {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .article-card {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .modal-body {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .hero-title {
        font-size: 2.2rem;
    }

    .toast {
        min-width: 0;
        width: 100%;
    }

    #toast-container {
        left: 1rem;
        right: 1rem;
        bottom: 1rem;
        width: calc(100% - 2rem);
    }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   LEGAL PAGES STYLING (Privacy Policy, Terms of Submission, Disclaimer)
   ========================================================================== */
.page-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-navy) 0%, #1a2a3a 100%);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    padding: 4.5rem 0 5rem;
    position: relative;
    border-bottom: 3px solid var(--accent-gold);
    text-align: center;
}

.page-title {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--bg-white);
}

.page-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    font-weight: 300;
}

.legal-content {
    background: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: 4rem 5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    margin: 4rem auto 6rem;
    max-width: 1000px;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

body.high-contrast .legal-content {
    background: #111;
    border-color: var(--border-color);
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.legal-content h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: var(--primary-navy);
    margin: 3rem 0 1.25rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
    padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

body.high-contrast .legal-content h2 {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.legal-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.45rem;
    color: var(--secondary-slate);
    margin: 2rem 0 1rem;
}

body.high-contrast .legal-content h3 {
    color: #fff;
}

.legal-content p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.legal-content ul {
    list-style: disc;
    padding-left: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.legal-content li {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .legal-content {
        padding: 2.5rem 2rem;
        margin: 2.5rem auto 4rem;
    }

    .page-title {
        font-size: 2.35rem;
    }
}